Nuclear Medicine, also known as molecular radiology, is a medical specialty that uses radioactive tracers (radiopharmaceuticals) to assess bodily functions and to diagnose and treat disease. Different radiopharmaceuticals go to different tissues within the body depending on presence of dysfunction, injury, or disease. Some radiopharmaceuticals also actively target and treat disease. Specially designed cameras allow doctors to track the path of these radioactive tracers. Planar gamma imaging, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans are among the most common imaging modalities in nuclear medicine.

The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) provides resources to learn more about how this dynamic specialty can help patients with cancer, heart disease, neurological disease, and many other diseases.